Pregnancy & Drug Safety

Search medications using FDA pregnancy categories (A–X) and evidence-based guidance. Get instant safety verdicts and explanations.

Important
Do not start or stop any medication during pregnancy without consulting your obstetrician or healthcare provider. This information is for educational purposes only.

FDA Pregnancy Categories

A

Likely Safe in Pregnancy

Adequate, well-controlled studies in pregnant women have not shown a risk to the fetus.

B

Probably Safe in Pregnancy

Animal studies have not shown a risk, but no adequate studies in pregnant women. Or animal studies show risk, but well-controlled studies in pregnant women have not shown a risk.

C

Use with Caution

Animal studies show risk, but no adequate studies in pregnant women. Or no animal or human studies available. Weigh benefits against risks.

D

Risk — Weigh Benefit

Positive evidence of human fetal risk. Benefits may warrant use despite potential risks.

X

Avoid in Pregnancy

Studies in animals or humans show fetal risk. Contraindicated in pregnancy.

Trimester-Specific Guidance

First Trimester (Weeks 1–13)

Organogenesis occurs—fetal organs form. Most medications are Category B, C, or D. Always discuss necessity and risks with your OB/GYN before taking anything.

Second Trimester (Weeks 14–20)

Organ formation largely complete, but fetal growth continues. Some medications that were avoided in the first trimester may be safer now. Reassess with your provider.

Third Trimester (Weeks 21–40)

Certain medications (NSAIDs, ACE inhibitors) may affect labor or newborn. Some Category X drugs become acceptable for very specific conditions. Always coordinate with your delivery team.

Common Scenarios

Antidepressants

SSRIs (sertraline, paroxetine) generally Category C. Untreated depression carries risks; discuss with OB/GYN.

ACE Inhibitors

Used for high blood pressure, mostly Category C first trimester, D in second/third. Requires monitoring.

Epilepsy Medications

Some categories C/D. Risk of seizures if stopped may outweigh drug risk. Discuss with neurologist.

Thyroid Medications

Levothyroxine (Synthroid) Category A. Cannot stop; untreated hypothyroidism harms fetus.

Pain Relievers

Acetaminophen Category B. NSAIDs typically C, D in third trimester. Avoid if possible.

Antibiotics

Penicillins Category B (safe). Avoid tetracyclines (D). Discuss specific antibiotic with doctor.

Asthma Medications

Albuterol Category C. Uncontrolled asthma poses more risk. Maintain treatment.

About PLLR (Pregnancy & Lactation Labeling Rule)

In 2015, the FDA replaced letter categories (A–X) with more detailed narrative labeling. Older drugs still use A–X; newer drugs have section 8.1 (Pregnancy) and 8.2 (Lactation) with detailed evidence. Always review your medication's current label and discuss with your healthcare provider.

Need More Help?

Consult your obstetrician, maternal-fetal medicine specialist, or pharmacist for personalized medication advice during pregnancy.