Endocrine
Educational overview
Type 2 Diabetes
A long-term condition where the body cannot use insulin effectively, raising blood sugar over time.
What is it?
Type 2 diabetes is a chronic condition in which cells become resistant to insulin and the pancreas cannot keep blood glucose in a healthy range. It develops gradually and is strongly linked to weight, activity, and genetics.
Symptoms
- Increased thirst and frequent urination
- Fatigue and blurred vision
- Slow-healing cuts or frequent infections
- Tingling or numbness in hands or feet
Causes
- Insulin resistance from excess body weight
- Physical inactivity
- Family history and genetics
- Age over 45 and certain ethnic backgrounds
Treatment
- Balanced diet lower in refined carbohydrates
- Regular physical activity and weight management
- Metformin and other glucose-lowering medications
- Blood-sugar monitoring and routine A1c checks
When to see a doctor
- Persistent thirst, urination, or unexplained weight loss
- Blood-sugar readings consistently above target
- Numbness, vision changes, or non-healing wounds
Medical disclaimer: This is general educational information, not medical advice, and has not yet been physician reviewed. Always consult a qualified healthcare professional about your individual situation. In an emergency, call your local emergency number.
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Reviewed by Healthportal Medical Team — physician review pending.